C# – How to extend (or CAN you extend) the static Math methods

c++extension-methods

With C# 3.0, I know you can extend methods using the 'this' nomenclature.

I'm trying to extend Math.Cos(double radians) to include my new class. I know that I can just create a "Cos" method in my existing class, but I'm just interested in seeing how/if this can be done for the sake of the exercise.

After trying a few new things, I'm returning to SO to get input. I'm stuck.

Here's what I have at this point…

public class EngMath
{
    /// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    /// Extend the Math Library to include EngVar objects.
    /// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    public static EngVar Abs(this Math m, EngVar A)
    {
        EngVar C = A.Clone();

        C.CoreValue = Math.Abs(C.CoreValue);

        return C;
    }

    public static EngVar Cos(this Math m, EngVar A)
    {
        EngVar C = A.Clone();
        double Conversion = 1;
        // just modify the value. Don't modify the exponents at all

        // is A degrees? If so, convert to radians.
        if (A.isDegrees) Conversion = 180 / Math.PI;

        C.CoreValue = Math.Cos(A.CoreValue * Conversion);

        // if A is degrees, convert BACK to degrees.
        C.CoreValue *= Conversion;

        return C;
    }

    ...

Best Solution

Extension methods are a way to make your static methods appear to be instance methods on the type they "extend". In other words you need an instance of something in order to use the extension method feature.

It sound to me that you're going about it in the opposite way by trying to make Math.Cos handle your type. In that case, I'm afraid you have to implement the functionality yourself. If that is not what you're trying to do, please clarify.

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C# – How to cast int to enum

From an int:

YourEnum foo = (YourEnum)yourInt;

From a string:

YourEnum foo = (YourEnum) Enum.Parse(typeof(YourEnum), yourString);

// The foo.ToString().Contains(",") check is necessary for enumerations marked with an [Flags] attribute
if (!Enum.IsDefined(typeof(YourEnum), foo) && !foo.ToString().Contains(","))
{
    throw new InvalidOperationException($"{yourString} is not an underlying value of the YourEnum enumeration.")
}

Update:

From number you can also

YourEnum foo = (YourEnum)Enum.ToObject(typeof(YourEnum) , yourInt);

C# – How to get the index of the current iteration of a foreach loop

Ian Mercer posted a similar solution as this on Phil Haack's blog:

foreach (var item in Model.Select((value, i) => new { i, value }))
{
    var value = item.value;
    var index = item.i;
}

This gets you the item (item.value) and its index (item.i) by using this overload of LINQ's Select:

the second parameter of the function [inside Select] represents the index of the source element.

The new { i, value } is creating a new anonymous object.

Heap allocations can be avoided by using ValueTuple if you're using C# 7.0 or later:

foreach (var item in Model.Select((value, i) => ( value, i )))
{
    var value = item.value;
    var index = item.i;
}

You can also eliminate the item. by using automatic destructuring:

<ol>
foreach ((MyType value, Int32 i) in Model.Select((value, i) => ( value, i )))
{
    <li id="item_@i">@value</li>
}
</ol>

Best Solution

Related Solutions

C# – How to cast int to enum

C# – How to get the index of the current iteration of a foreach loop

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