C# – Simple formula for determining date using week of month

c++calendardatetimeformula

Given a standard piece of scheduling information, such as "the second Tuesday in June 2009" or "the last Friday in July 2009", what's the simplest and most efficient formula to translate that into a date?

Inputs:

w = Week of month, enumeration (1st, 2nd,
3rd, 4th or Last)
d = Day of week, enum Sun through Sat
m = Month, integer
y = Year, integer

EDIT (again) – It doesn't matter what day the week begins on; I want to get the wth instance of d in the given month. Thus the 2nd Sunday in June 2009 is 14 June, even though that technically falls in the 3rd week of June; similarly the 1st Sunday in June is 7 June, not null/exception.

Best Solution

Something like:

static DateTime GetDate(int year, int month, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek,
        int weekOfMonth) {
    // TODO: some range checking (>0, for example)
    DateTime day = new DateTime(year, month, 1);
    while (day.DayOfWeek != dayOfWeek) day = day.AddDays(1);
    if (weekOfMonth > 0) {
        return day.AddDays(7 * (weekOfMonth - 1));
    } else { // treat as last
        DateTime last = day;
        while ((day = day.AddDays(7)).Month == last.Month) {
            last = day;
        }
        return last;
    }
}

Related Solutions

C# – Function to determine first day of a month, last day of a month, etc.

Here are methods to find the first/last specified day of week in a given month:

public DateTime GetFirstDayOfWeekInMonth(int year, int month, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek)
{
    DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, 1);
    int first = (int)dt.DayOfWeek;
    int wanted = (int)dayOfWeek;
    if (wanted < first)
        wanted += 7;
    return dt.AddDays(wanted - first);
}

public DateTime GetLastDayOfWeekInMonth(int year, int month, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek)
{
    int daysInMonth = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Calendar.GetDaysInMonth(year, month);
    DateTime dt = new DateTime(year, month, daysInMonth);
    int last = (int)dt.DayOfWeek;
    int wanted = (int)dayOfWeek;
    if (wanted > last)
        last += 7;
    return dt.AddDays(wanted - last);
}

From those, you can easily find the answers to the other questions... just add 7 days to find the next occurence of the day you're looking for

EDIT: thinking more about it, it would be pretty handy to have that in the form of extension methods, such as :

Console.WriteLine("Next monday : {0}", DateTime.Today.Next(DayOfWeek.Monday));
Console.WriteLine("Last saturday : {0}", DateTime.Today.Previous(DayOfWeek.Saturday));

Here is the implementation :

public static class DateExtensions
{
    public static DateTime Next(this DateTime from, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek)
    {
        int start = (int)from.DayOfWeek;
        int wanted = (int)dayOfWeek;
        if (wanted < start)
            wanted += 7;
        return from.AddDays(wanted - start);
    }

    public static DateTime Previous(this DateTime from, DayOfWeek dayOfWeek)
    {
        int end = (int)from.DayOfWeek;
        int wanted = (int)dayOfWeek;
        if (wanted > end)
            end += 7;
        return from.AddDays(wanted - end);
    }
}

It's probably more flexible than the first methods I suggested... With that, you can easily do things like that :

// Print all Sundays between 2009/01/01 and 2009/03/31
DateTime from = new DateTime(2009, 1, 1);
DateTime to = new DateTime(2009, 3, 31);
DateTime sunday = from.Next(DayOfWeek.Sunday);
while(sunday <= to)
{
   Console.WriteLine(sunday);
   sunday = sunday.AddDays(7);
}

Python – How to get the day of week given a date

Use weekday():

>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime.today()
datetime.datetime(2012, 3, 23, 23, 24, 55, 173504)
>>> datetime.datetime.today().weekday()
4

From the documentation:

Return the day of the week as an integer, where Monday is 0 and Sunday is 6.

Best Solution

Related Solutions

C# – Function to determine first day of a month, last day of a month, etc.

Python – How to get the day of week given a date

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