Create a users file (i.e. users.txt
) for mapping SVN users to Git:
user1 = First Last Name <email@address.com>
user2 = First Last Name <email@address.com>
...
You can use this one-liner to build a template from your existing SVN repository:
svn log -q | awk -F '|' '/^r/ {gsub(/ /, "", $2); sub(" $", "", $2); print $2" = "$2" <"$2">"}' | sort -u > users.txt
SVN will stop if it finds a missing SVN user, not in the file. But after that, you can update the file and pick up where you left off.
Now pull the SVN data from the repository:
git svn clone --stdlayout --no-metadata --authors-file=users.txt svn://hostname/path dest_dir-tmp
This command will create a new Git repository in dest_dir-tmp
and start pulling the SVN repository. Note that the "--stdlayout" flag implies you have the common "trunk/, branches/, tags/" SVN layout. If your layout differs, become familiar with --tags
, --branches
, --trunk
options (in general git svn help
).
All common protocols are allowed: svn://
, http://
, https://
. The URL should target the base repository, something like http://svn.mycompany.com/myrepo/repository. The URL string must not include /trunk
, /tag
or /branches
.
Note that after executing this command it very often looks like the operation is "hanging/frozen", and it's quite normal that it can be stuck for a long time after initializing the new repository. Eventually, you will then see log messages which indicate that it's migrating.
Also note that if you omit the --no-metadata
flag, Git will append information about the corresponding SVN revision to the commit message (i.e. git-svn-id: svn://svn.mycompany.com/myrepo/<branchname/trunk>@<RevisionNumber> <Repository UUID>
)
If a user name is not found, update your users.txt
file then:
cd dest_dir-tmp
git svn fetch
You might have to repeat that last command several times, if you have a large project until all of the Subversion commits have been fetched:
git svn fetch
When completed, Git will checkout the SVN trunk
into a new branch. Any other branches are set up as remotes. You can view the other SVN branches with:
git branch -r
If you want to keep other remote branches in your repository, you want to create a local branch for each one manually. (Skip trunk/master.) If you don't do this, the branches won't get cloned in the final step.
git checkout -b local_branch remote_branch
# It's OK if local_branch and remote_branch are the same names
Tags are imported as branches. You have to create a local branch, make a tag and delete the branch to have them as tags in Git. To do it with tag "v1":
git checkout -b tag_v1 remotes/tags/v1
git checkout master
git tag v1 tag_v1
git branch -D tag_v1
Clone your GIT-SVN repository into a clean Git repository:
git clone dest_dir-tmp dest_dir
rm -rf dest_dir-tmp
cd dest_dir
The local branches that you created earlier from remote branches will only have been copied as remote branches into the newly cloned repository. (Skip trunk/master.) For each branch you want to keep:
git checkout -b local_branch origin/remote_branch
Finally, remove the remote from your clean Git repository that points to the now-deleted temporary repository:
git remote rm origin
Best Solution
Imagine if you were working on trunk, and suddenly realized you should have been working on branch 2.3. You could checkout branch 2.3, but you'll lose all of your work. You could try duplicating it, but that could take a long time.
Switching allows you to switch the base of your local copy without losing any of your work. Files you modified will still contain your modifications. Files you added will still be added. Files you deleted will still be deleted.
Some people use switch to switch their working copy without having to do another checkout. For example, I finish my work on
proj1
, and now I have some work on the Release 2.3 branch. I simply switch to that branch and save time because I don't have to redownload everything. Plus , I save space!I highly discourage that thinking because you can easily get confused what your working directory is representing. I've seen some convoluted prompts to extract the branch information and display it in the prompt. However, I name my checkout after my project and branch (or trunk) and I use a separate working directory for each and every project.
Speed shouldn't be an issue. It takes five to ten minutes to do a checkout of a really big Subversion project -- just enough time to get a cup of coffee. Nor, in this era of gigabyte disk sizes, should space be a premium. Using
svn switch
should not be a common occurrence.At one time, you sometimes switched if the server that hosted your repository changed. However, there's now a special
svn relocate
command just for that purpose: