Mysql – How does one create an index on the date part of DATETIME field in MySql

mysql

How do I create an index on the date part of DATETIME field?

mysql> SHOW COLUMNS FROM transactionlist;
+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field             | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| TransactionNumber | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| WagerId           | int(11)          | YES  | MUL | 0       |                |
| TranNum           | int(11)          | YES  | MUL | 0       |                |
| TranDateTime      | datetime         | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| Amount            | double           | YES  |     | 0       |                |
| Action            | smallint(6)      | YES  |     | 0       |                |
| Uid               | int(11)          | YES  |     | 1       |                |
| AuthId            | int(11)          | YES  |     | 1       |                |
+-------------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

TranDateTime is used to save the date and time of a transaction as it happens

My Table has over 1,000,000 records in it and the statement

SELECT * FROM transactionlist where date(TranDateTime) = '2008-08-17'

takes a long time.

EDIT:

Have a look at this blog post on "Why MySQL’s DATETIME can and should be avoided"

Best Solution

If I remember correctly, that will run a whole table scan because you're passing the column through a function. MySQL will obediently run the function for each and every column, bypassing the index since the query optimizer can't really know the results of the function.

What I would do is something like:

SELECT * FROM transactionlist 
WHERE TranDateTime BETWEEN '2008-08-17' AND '2008-08-17 23:59:59.999999';

That should give you everything that happened on 2008-08-17.

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Mysql – How to set a default value for a MySQL Datetime column

IMPORTANT EDIT: It is now possible to achieve this with DATETIME fields since MySQL 5.6.5, take a look at the other post below...

Previous versions can't do that with DATETIME...

But you can do it with TIMESTAMP:

mysql> create table test (str varchar(32), ts TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc test;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default           | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
| str   | varchar(32) | YES  |     | NULL              |       | 
| ts    | timestamp   | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |       | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+-------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into test (str) values ("demo");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test;
+------+---------------------+
| str  | ts                  |
+------+---------------------+
| demo | 2008-10-03 22:59:52 | 
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

CAVEAT: IF you define a column with CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON as default, you will need to ALWAYS specify a value for this column or the value will automatically reset itself to "now()" on update. This means that if you do not want the value to change, your UPDATE statement must contain "[your column name] = [your column name]" (or some other value) or the value will become "now()". Weird, but true. I am using 5.5.56-MariaDB

Mysql – concatenate multiple MySQL rows into one field

You can use GROUP_CONCAT:

SELECT person_id,
   GROUP_CONCAT(hobbies SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

As Ludwig stated in his comment, you can add the DISTINCT operator to avoid duplicates:

SELECT person_id,
   GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT hobbies SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

As Jan stated in their comment, you can also sort the values before imploding it using ORDER BY:

SELECT person_id, 
       GROUP_CONCAT(hobbies ORDER BY hobbies ASC SEPARATOR ', ')
FROM peoples_hobbies
GROUP BY person_id;

As Dag stated in his comment, there is a 1024 byte limit on the result. To solve this, run this query before your query:

SET group_concat_max_len = 2048;

Of course, you can change 2048 according to your needs. To calculate and assign the value:

SET group_concat_max_len = CAST(
                     (SELECT SUM(LENGTH(hobbies)) + COUNT(*) * LENGTH(', ')
                           FROM peoples_hobbies
                           GROUP BY person_id) AS UNSIGNED);

Best Solution

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Mysql – How to set a default value for a MySQL Datetime column

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