Try hasattr():
if hasattr(a, 'property'):
a.property
See zweiterlinde's answer below, who offers good advice about asking forgiveness! A very pythonic approach!
The general practice in python is that, if the property is likely to be there most of the time, simply call it and either let the exception propagate, or trap it with a try/except block. This will likely be faster than hasattr. If the property is likely to not be there most of the time, or you're not sure, using hasattr will probably be faster than repeatedly falling into an exception block.
There are two built-in functions that help you identify the type of an object. You can use type() if you need the exact type of an object, and isinstance() to check an object’s type against something. Usually, you want to use isinstance() most of the times since it is very robust and also supports type inheritance.
To get the actual type of an object, you use the built-in type() function. Passing an object as the only parameter will return the type object of that object:
>>> type([]) is list
True
>>> type({}) is dict
True
>>> type('') is str
True
>>> type(0) is int
True
This of course also works for custom types:
>>> class Test1 (object):
pass
>>> class Test2 (Test1):
pass
>>> a = Test1()
>>> b = Test2()
>>> type(a) is Test1
True
>>> type(b) is Test2
True
Note that type() will only return the immediate type of the object, but won’t be able to tell you about type inheritance.
>>> type(b) is Test1
False
To cover that, you should use the isinstance function. This of course also works for built-in types:
>>> isinstance(b, Test1)
True
>>> isinstance(b, Test2)
True
>>> isinstance(a, Test1)
True
>>> isinstance(a, Test2)
False
>>> isinstance([], list)
True
>>> isinstance({}, dict)
True
isinstance() is usually the preferred way to ensure the type of an object because it will also accept derived types. So unless you actually need the type object (for whatever reason), using isinstance() is preferred over type().
The second parameter of isinstance() also accepts a tuple of types, so it’s possible to check for multiple types at once. isinstance will then return true, if the object is of any of those types:
>>> isinstance([], (tuple, list, set))
True
Best Solution
This error message...
...implies that you have attached an index to a WebElement which is not supported.
Analysis
Only list elements can be indexed. However, in this line of code:
driver.find_element_by_xpath("""/html/body/div[2]/div/div[4]/div[3]/footer/div/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[5]/button""")would always return a single WebElement. Hence you can't access the element through any index, e.g.[0],[1], etc as an index can be associated only with a list.Solution
There are two approaches to solve the issue.
In the first approach, you can remove the index, i.e.
[0], and in that casereplaywill be assigned with the first matched element identified through locator strategy as follows:In the other approach, instead of using
find_element_by_xpath()you can create a list usingfind_elements_by_xpath()and access the very first element from the List using the index[0]as follows:Reference
You can find a couple of relevant discussions in: