Regex – Using Regular Expressions in JSP EL

eljspregex

In EL expressions, used in a jsp page, strings are taken literally. For example, in the following code snippet

<c:when test="${myvar == 'prefix.*'}">

test does not evaluate to true if the value of myvar is 'prefixxxxx.' Does anyone know if there is a way to have the string interpreted as a regex instead? Does EL have something similar to awk's tilde ~ operator?

Best Solution

While this special case can be handled with the JSTL fn:startsWith function, regular expressions in general seem like very likely tests. It's unfortunate that JSTL doesn't include a function for these.

On the bright side, it's pretty easy to write an EL function that does what you want. You need the function implementation, and a TLD to let your web application know where to find it. Put these together in a JAR and drop it into your WEB-INF/lib directory.

Here's an outline:

com/x/taglib/core/Regexp.java:

import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class Regexp {

  public static boolean matches(String pattern, CharSequence str) {
    return Pattern.compile(pattern).matcher(str).matches();
  }

}

META-INF/x-c.tld:

<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd" version="2.0">
  <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
  <short-name>x-c</short-name>
  <uri>http://dev.x.com/taglib/core/1.0</uri>
  <function>
    <description>Test whether a string matches a regular expression.</description>
    <display-name>Matches</display-name>
    <name>matches</name>
    <function-class>com.x.taglib.core.Regexp</function-class>
    <function-signature>boolean matches(java.lang.String, java.lang.CharSequence)</function-signature>
  </function>
</taglib>

Sorry, I didn't test this particular function, but I hope it's enough to point you in the right direction.

Related Solutions

Regex – regular expression to detect a valid regular expression

/
^                                             # start of string
(                                             # first group start
  (?:
    (?:[^?+*{}()[\]\\|]+                      # literals and ^, $
     | \\.                                    # escaped characters
     | \[ (?: \^?\\. | \^[^\\] | [^\\^] )     # character classes
          (?: [^\]\\]+ | \\. )* \]
     | \( (?:\?[:=!]|\?<[=!]|\?>)? (?1)?? \)  # parenthesis, with recursive content
     | \(\? (?:R|[+-]?\d+) \)                 # recursive matching
     )
    (?: (?:[?+*]|\{\d+(?:,\d*)?\}) [?+]? )?   # quantifiers
  | \|                                        # alternative
  )*                                          # repeat content
)                                             # end first group
$                                             # end of string
/

This is a recursive regex, and is not supported by many regex engines. PCRE based ones should support it.

Without whitespace and comments:

/^((?:(?:[^?+*{}()[\]\\|]+|\\.|\[(?:\^?\\.|\^[^\\]|[^\\^])(?:[^\]\\]+|\\.)*\]|\((?:\?[:=!]|\?<[=!]|\?>)?(?1)??\)|\(\?(?:R|[+-]?\d+)\))(?:(?:[?+*]|\{\d+(?:,\d*)?\})[?+]?)?|\|)*)$/

.NET does not support recursion directly. (The (?1) and (?R) constructs.) The recursion would have to be converted to counting balanced groups:

^                                         # start of string
(?:
  (?: [^?+*{}()[\]\\|]+                   # literals and ^, $
   | \\.                                  # escaped characters
   | \[ (?: \^?\\. | \^[^\\] | [^\\^] )   # character classes
        (?: [^\]\\]+ | \\. )* \]
   | \( (?:\?[:=!]
         | \?<[=!]
         | \?>
         | \?<[^\W\d]\w*>
         | \?'[^\W\d]\w*'
         )?                               # opening of group
     (?<N>)                               #   increment counter
   | \)                                   # closing of group
     (?<-N>)                              #   decrement counter
   )
  (?: (?:[?+*]|\{\d+(?:,\d*)?\}) [?+]? )? # quantifiers
| \|                                      # alternative
)*                                        # repeat content
$                                         # end of string
(?(N)(?!))                                # fail if counter is non-zero.

Compacted:

^(?:(?:[^?+*{}()[\]\\|]+|\\.|\[(?:\^?\\.|\^[^\\]|[^\\^])(?:[^\]\\]+|\\.)*\]|\((?:\?[:=!]|\?<[=!]|\?>|\?<[^\W\d]\w*>|\?'[^\W\d]\w*')?(?<N>)|\)(?<-N>))(?:(?:[?+*]|\{\d+(?:,\d*)?\})[?+]?)?|\|)*$(?(N)(?!))

From the comments:

Will this validate substitutions and translations?

It will validate just the regex part of substitutions and translations. s/<this part>/.../

It is not theoretically possible to match all valid regex grammars with a regex.

It is possible if the regex engine supports recursion, such as PCRE, but that can't really be called regular expressions any more.

Indeed, a "recursive regular expression" is not a regular expression. But this an often-accepted extension to regex engines... Ironically, this extended regex doesn't match extended regexes.

"In theory, theory and practice are the same. In practice, they're not." Almost everyone who knows regular expressions knows that regular expressions does not support recursion. But PCRE and most other implementations support much more than basic regular expressions.

using this with shell script in the grep command , it shows me some error.. grep: Invalid content of {} . I am making a script that could grep a code base to find all the files that contain regular expressions

This pattern exploits an extension called recursive regular expressions. This is not supported by the POSIX flavor of regex. You could try with the -P switch, to enable the PCRE regex flavor.

Regex itself "is not a regular language and hence cannot be parsed by regular expression..."

This is true for classical regular expressions. Some modern implementations allow recursion, which makes it into a Context Free language, although it is somewhat verbose for this task.

I see where you're matching []()/\. and other special regex characters. Where are you allowing non-special characters? It seems like this will match ^(?:[\.]+)$, but not ^abcdefg$. That's a valid regex.

[^?+*{}()[\]\\|] will match any single character, not part of any of the other constructs. This includes both literal (a - z), and certain special characters (^, $, .).

Javascript – jQuery selector regular expressions

You can use the filter function to apply more complicated regex matching.

Here's an example which would just match the first three divs:

$('div')
  .filter(function() {
    return this.id.match(/abc+d/);
  })
  .html("Matched!");

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<div id="abcd">Not matched</div>
<div id="abccd">Not matched</div>
<div id="abcccd">Not matched</div>
<div id="abd">Not matched</div>

Best Solution

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Regex – regular expression to detect a valid regular expression

Javascript – jQuery selector regular expressions

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